Digital Elevation Model of the Flade Isblink Ice Cap northeastern Greenland and SAT / Landsat MS

The presented image is a visualization of a digital elevation model (DEM) of the Flade Isblink Ice Cap (FIIC) northeastern Greenland, Arctic. This is the result of the interpretation of the land surface radar mapping data (ArticDEM, V4) and its subsequent processing using the ArcGIS Desktop v10.3.0. Esri Inc., application tools and also using a graphical editor.
	
	Cartographic image: SAT - Landsat MS
PMM: ArcGIS Desktop v10.3.0. Esri Inc., graphical editor.
Thematic layers: one satellit images - Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS Band, Landsat Product ID: LC08_L1TP_028244_20240804_20240808_02_T1
Landsat Scene ID: LC80282442024217LGN00, File Date: 2024-08-08T06:37:41Z / Scene Center Time: 18:30:32.0620750Z. NASA-USGS. ArcticDEM v4, Polar Geospatial Center (PGC).
New realistic and more visual cartographic image.

	Cartographic image: DEM - ArticDEM v4
PMM: ArcGIS Desktop v10.3.0. Esri Inc., graphical editor.
Thematic layers: base layers - DEM (shaded, browse), map design elements.
	
	Comment:
1. Greenland (Grenl. Kalaallit Nunaat, Danish. Gronland) is the largest island on Earth. It is located in the northeast of North America. It is washed by the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. Its area is 2,166,086 square kilometers, its length from north to south is 2,700 kilometers, and from west to east it is 1,300 kilometers. The northern coast of the island is blocked by ice throughout the year. The eastern coast is also blocked by floating ice brought from the central part of the Arctic Ocean almost throughout the year. The southwestern coast, washed by the warm waters of the West Greenland Current, is more accessible from the sea. The shores are heavily indented by deep and long fjords, reaching the edges of the ice sheet. The total length of the coastline reaches 39 thousand km.
Today, glaciers cover 81% of the island's territory, or about 1,834 thousand sq. km (including 1,726 thousand sq. km occupied by the ice sheet, occupying the entire interior). The most significant areas of land not covered by ice are located in the southwest and north of the island. The surface of the ice sheet gradually rises from the coast inward. The highest part of the sheet has the form of a gentle vault, stretched from north to south and divided by a transverse depression into 2 large ice domes. The Northern Dome reaches a height of 3,300 m (71° north latitude and 39° west longitude), the Southern Dome - 2,730 m (64° north latitude and 44° west longitude). The average thickness of the glacier is 2,300 m, the largest is 3,400 m. Outside the main ice sheet in the coastal areas, there are independent ice domes and glaciers with a total area of more than 75 thousand square kilometers. The largest of these is the glacial dome of Flade Insblick Ice Cap (FIIC) in the northeast of the island.

2. Elephant Foot Glacier (RGI v6. 60-05.10329) is located in northeastern Greenland, on the Crown Prince Christian Land peninsula, east of the Denmark Fjord. It is part of the largest independent ice sheet in Greenland, the Fleid Isblink ice sheet - Flade Isblink Ice Cap (FIIC), which covers an area of 8,500 sq. kilometers. The fragment measures 95.58 sq. kilometers, has a maximum height of 1,380 meters, a minimum of 209 meters, and a tongue width of over 15 kilometers. Impressive in size and the regular shape of its tongue, the glacier flows down the slopes of the Princess Elizabeth Alps and flows into Lake Romer. Lake Romer (Danish: Romer So) is a freshwater reservoir at the northern tip of King Frederick VIII Land. Its maximum length is 60 km and its maximum width is 6 km. The surface area of the lake is 225 sq. kilometers. The lake and its surroundings are part of the Northeast Greenland National Park zone. The area is uninhabited. The Danish military base Nord is located 50 kilometers to the northeast.

3. Multispectral images that include data outside the human-visible spectrum provide more complete information about the Earth's surface.
4. Design versions when using methods of analytical shadow relief shading, in combination with different types of hypsometric scales. GIS application tools provide researchers with ample opportunities for their interpretation, visualization, creating a more realistic image of the landscape and maps.

	Source:
Satellite Image Atlas of Glaciers of the World / U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), professional paper; 1386, Chapter C Greenland, 1995. / https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1386/ 
Íigh-resolution, high quality, digital surface model (DSM) of the Arctic (ArcticDEM), Polar Geospatial Center (PGC), University of Minnesota's College of Science and Engineering / https://www.pgc.umn.edu/data/arcticdem/ 

Palmer S.J., A. Shepherd A., Sundal E. Rinne P. Nienow (2010), InSAR observations of ice elevation and velocity fluctuations at the Flade Isblink ice cap, eastern North Greenland, J. Geophys. Res., 115, F04037, https://doi:10.1029/2010JF001686.
MacGregor J.A., Fahnestock M.A., Colgan W.T., Larsen N.K., Kjeldsen K.K., Welker J.M (2020). The age of surface-exposed ice along the northern margin of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Journal of Glaciology 66(258), pp. 667-684. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.62
Khan S.A., Colgan W., Neumann T. A., van den Broeke M.R., Brunt K.M., Noel B., Bamber J.L.,  Hassan J., Bjork A.A. (2022). Accelerating ice loss from peripheral glaciers in North Greenland. Geophysical Research Letters, 49, e2022GL098915. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL098915
	
	Data source:
ArcGIS Online Viewer, Esri Inc. https://www.arcgis.com/home/webmap/viewer.html 
ArcGIS Living Atlas of the World, Esri Inc. https://livingatlas.arcgis.com/en/ 
ArcticDEM Explorer, Polar Geospatial Center (PGC), University of Minnesota's College of Science and Engineering / https://arcticdem.apps.pgc.umn.edu/ 
Alfred Wegener Institut fur Polar- und Meeresforschung / Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) / https://www.awi.de/expedition/stationen.html 
Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS), GLIMS Glacier Database Viewer Randolph Glacier Inventory (RGI) / http://www.glims.org/maps/glims 
ICESat-2, Scientific Visualization Studio, Data Visualizations / https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/ 
CryoSat 2, European Space Agency (ESA)  / https://cs2eo.org/cryo2ice 
World Glacier Inventory, National Snow and Ice Data Center, Advancing knowledge of Earth's frozen regions / https://nsidc.org/data/ 

Spheroid: WGS, 1984
Geographic Coordinate System (GCS Datum): World Geodetic System, WGS 1984 (EPSG: 4326 / 3857)
Projection: Mercator Auxiliary Sphere
Prime Meridian: Greenwich
Scale 1:300,000-1:50,000

Cartographer & Designer: Abdulmyanov S.N.
		
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